The ILEETA Journal
Winter Edition | 2024
The Winter Edition of the ILEETA Journal (Volume 13, Edition 4) offers a comprehensive collection of articles designed to enhance the skills and knowledge of law enforcement educators and trainers. Readers can expect insightful reflections on use-of-force challenges, with Kevin R. Davis discussing evolving legal standards and the importance of continuous education. The issue emphasizes effective training methodologies, such as Todd Fletcher’s advocacy for respectful instruction and Dan Fraser’s exploration of motor learning conditions. Misconceptions like the “21-Foot Rule” are clarified by Duane Wolfe, while innovative approaches like gaze training for improved decision-making are presented by Jeff Johnsgaard. Health and wellness topics are also prominent, including strategies for estate planning by Kim Schlau and addressing the critical issue of officer suicide by Darrell Burton. Leadership development is highlighted through personal narratives and practical advice, encouraging trainers to elevate their programs and adapt to new challenges. Overall, this journal provides valuable insights and practical strategies to advance law enforcement training and officer well-being.
In this Edition:
Reflection | Kevin R. Davis
In “Reflection,” Kevin R. Davis shares insights from his attendance at the DLG Use of Force Summit in Connecticut. He discusses the evolving landscape of law enforcement use of force, emphasizing the importance of continuous education and advanced training. Davis highlights the challenges officers face with digital video evidence and the varying applications of legal standards like Graham v. Connor across different jurisdictions. He recounts his experiences defending officers in use-of-force cases, noting inconsistencies in legal interpretations. Davis urges law enforcement professionals to expand their knowledge and stay current with training to navigate the complexities of modern policing effectively.
Don’t Be a D!
Todd Fletcher addresses the negative impact of law enforcement instructors who mistreat or belittle their students. Drawing from personal experiences, he contrasts supportive instructors with those who use intimidation or embarrassment as teaching tools. Fletcher advocates for a respectful and empathetic approach to instruction, emphasizing that treating students well leads to better engagement and learning outcomes. He introduces the principle “Don’t be a d!¢k,” highlighting its importance in fostering a positive training environment. Fletcher underscores that instructors are leaders who should model professionalism and accountability without resorting to demeaning behavior.
The 21-Foot Rule is NOT a Rule | Duane Wolfe
Duane Wolfe challenges the misconceptions surrounding the “21-Foot Rule” in law enforcement. He clarifies that the original concept, introduced by Dennis Tueller, was a drill demonstrating reaction times, not a strict rule justifying the use of deadly force within 21 feet. Wolfe emphasizes that distance alone does not determine the appropriateness of force. Instead, officers should consider the totality of circumstances, including time, distance, cover, and the suspect’s actions. He advocates for training that includes movement, creating safe reactionary gaps, and understanding that each situation requires a nuanced assessment rather than reliance on a fixed rule.
Improving Performance and Decision-Making: Gaze Training for Law Enforcement (Part 2 of 2) | Jeff Johnsgaard
In the second installment of his series on gaze training, Jeff Johnsgaard explores evidence-based methods for training law enforcement officers to optimize their visual attention during critical situations. He discusses research demonstrating that specific gaze behaviors can enhance decision-making and performance under pressure. Johnsgaard outlines training interventions that teach officers where and how to focus their gaze, improving their ability to assess threats and react appropriately. He emphasizes the importance of retention and transfer of these skills to real-world scenarios. By adopting these gaze training techniques, agencies can better prepare officers for high-stress encounters.
Rifle Armorer Tips: Extractors, Inserts, and O Rings—Oh My! | Ryan Skabroud
Ryan Skabroud offers technical advice on maintaining AR-15 style patrol rifles, focusing on extractor springs, inserts, and O-rings. He explains how the shorter carbine-length gas systems commonly used in law enforcement can lead to extraction issues not present in the original rifle-length designs. Skabroud discusses the evolution of extractor components to address these problems, including the use of improved springs and inserts. He warns about the limitations of using O-rings, especially in cold climates where they can become brittle. Skabroud advises armorers to regularly inspect and replace extractor components with high-quality materials to ensure rifle reliability in critical situations.
Where to Start | Kerry Avery, M.Ed.
Kerry Avery emphasizes the importance of focusing on students in training sessions rather than the instructors themselves. She challenges the common practice of beginning classes with lengthy instructor introductions. Avery suggests starting with engaging activities or discussions that highlight the purpose of the training and involve the students from the outset. By reversing the traditional approach and allowing students to introduce themselves first, instructors can foster a more student-centered learning environment. Avery underscores that effective training is about meeting the needs of the learners and maximizing their engagement and retention.
Integration Improves Learning Outcomes in Police Academy Training | Dianne Beer-Maxwell et al.
This article presents findings from the Academy Innovations Research Project, which evaluated the effectiveness of “integration” in police academy training. The study involved five law enforcement academies and compared traditional lecture-based instruction with integrated content delivery that combined related disciplines. Results showed that recruits receiving integrated instruction on communication skills retained knowledge longer and performed better on assessments over time compared to those who received siloed instruction. The authors recommend that police trainers adopt integration strategies to enhance learning and retention, ultimately improving the preparedness of new officers.
Critical Conditions for Effective Motor Learning | Dan Fraser
Dan Fraser outlines six key conditions essential for effective motor skill learning in law enforcement training: learner motivation, early context relevance, random and variable practice, emotional intensity, guided error, and bandwidth feedback. He explains how each condition contributes to better skill acquisition and retention, advocating for training that mirrors real-world complexities. Fraser emphasizes the importance of challenging students, allowing them to learn from mistakes, and reducing external feedback over time to foster independent problem-solving. By implementing these evidence-based practices, trainers can better prepare officers for the unpredictable nature of their duties.
A Few Tips to Set the Ideal Tone for Training | Dr. Matthew Loeslie
Dr. Matthew Loeslie offers practical advice on establishing a positive learning environment from the first day of class. He highlights the importance of knowing class sizes, familiarizing oneself with the classroom setup and technology, and sending pre-class email reminders to students. Loeslie recommends arriving early to greet students as they arrive, fostering rapport before the class officially starts. He suggests that hosts handle standard announcements, allowing instructors to make a strong, engaging first impression with dynamic opening remarks. These strategies help set an ideal tone for learning and encourage student participation.
Unleashing Greatness: Redefining Police Training for a Transformative Future | Antonio Zarzoza (“Instructor Z”)
Antonio Zarzoza challenges the traditional, compliance-focused approach to police training. He advocates for intentional, innovative training methods aimed at transforming good officers into great ones. Zarzoza emphasizes that instructors should be agents of change, willing to defy the status quo and implement disruptive, evidence-based strategies. He calls for training that is purposefully designed to highlight the unique talents and abilities of officers, fostering a culture of excellence and continuous improvement. Zarzoza urges trainers to seize the opportunity to make a lasting impact on the future of law enforcement.
Taking Your Training to the Next Level | Andrew A. DeMuth Jr.
Andrew A. DeMuth Jr. encourages law enforcement instructors to expand their influence by developing specialized courses and sharing their expertise beyond their agencies. He reflects on his own journey of moving into training and the fulfillment it brought. DeMuth addresses common hesitations such as time constraints or agency support, urging trainers to overcome fears and pursue their passion for teaching. By taking proactive steps to elevate their training, instructors can become subject matter experts, contribute to the profession’s advancement, and potentially shape their post-law enforcement careers.
What Are You Forging? | Duane Wolfe
Drawing parallels between the craft of swordsmithing and law enforcement instruction, Duane Wolfe emphasizes the profound responsibility instructors have in shaping the future of their students. He recounts a lesson with a master swordsmith in Japan, highlighting the attention to detail, patience, and skill required to create a quality blade. Wolfe likens this to the role of trainers in developing competent officers, stressing the importance of proper technique, continuous refinement, and adapting to individual needs. He encourages instructors to find their purpose and use it to forge both themselves and their students into professionals of the highest caliber.
Protecting the Protectors: Safeguarding Your Estate | Kim Schlau
Kim Schlau addresses the crucial need for law enforcement officers to prepare for the possibility of line-of-duty death by having comprehensive estate plans. She emphasizes completing detailed emergency contact forms and establishing wills and medical powers of attorney, regardless of age or marital status. Schlau explains that these preparations ensure an officer’s wishes are honored and can alleviate additional stress for surviving family members. She also highlights available financial benefits for families of fallen officers and advises updating estate plans regularly. By taking these proactive steps, officers can protect their loved ones and provide peace of mind.
Small Problems: A Lesson in Leadership | Jason Der
Jason Der shares a personal experience illustrating the importance of leaders caring about their team members’ issues, no matter how small they may seem. After a challenging day where he requested to leave work early, Der ended up assisting with an emergency involving a colleague. His supervisor remembered his initial request and later encouraged him to take the time off. This act demonstrated to Der that his supervisor valued him and his concerns. He emphasizes that effective leaders address their team members’ problems, understanding that small issues can accumulate if ignored, and that empathy strengthens team cohesion and morale.
An Inconvenient Truth: Law Enforcement Suicide | Darrell Burton
Darrell Burton confronts the pressing issue of suicide among law enforcement officers, calling for urgent action within the profession. He discusses recent instances of officer suicides and critiques the culture that often overlooks mental health. Burton advocates for mandatory, routine psychological evaluations and the establishment of supportive environments where officers can openly discuss their struggles. He emphasizes the role of leadership in fostering strong team bonds and prioritizing mental well-being. By acknowledging the gravity of the situation and implementing proactive measures, Burton believes the law enforcement community can reduce stigma and prevent further tragedies.
Educator or Trainer: Which Are We? | Dick Caster
Dick Caster explores the distinction between being an educator and a trainer in law enforcement. He suggests that while trainers focus on eliciting specific responses through conditioning, educators aim to develop critical thinking and decision-making skills. Caster emphasizes that effective instructors must possess both subject matter expertise and the ability to teach effectively, accommodating various learning styles. He advocates for moving beyond rote training to fostering a deeper understanding in officers, enabling them to assess situations and respond appropriately. Caster underscores the importance of continuous learning and development for both academy instructors and field training officers.
Law Enforcement’s Latest Challenge: “Male Rage” | Jesse C. Gonzalez
Jesse C. Gonzalez discusses the phenomenon of “male rage” stemming from online communities known as the “Manosphere,” where young men express frustration and anger over societal changes. He highlights how these online platforms can radicalize individuals, leading to extremist views and violent actions. Gonzalez cites incidents where such influences have resulted in mass violence. He emphasizes the importance for law enforcement officers to understand this emerging challenge, as it affects the types of crimes they encounter and the individuals they interact with. Awareness of “male rage” can aid officers in managing situations more effectively and enhancing community safety.
The ILEETA Journal is a quarterly publication of the International Law Enforcement Educators and Trainers Association (ILEETA), aimed at providing a platform for criminal justice professionals, primarily law enforcement trainers, to exchange information on training-related topics. It features articles, editorials, product reviews, and columns that meet stringent criteria for relevance, factual accuracy, and readability. Submissions are required in Microsoft Word format and should adhere to specific writing styles and grammar guidelines. The Journal ensures that all articles are edited for clarity and length and does not accept content promoting products or services.
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