In this Edition:

Residual Nonsense | Kevin R. Davis

Kevin R. Davis highlights several critical issues in law enforcement, including outdated policies, inadequate use-of-force training, and lack of documentation. He criticizes agencies for insufficient in-service training, poor decision-making assessments, and neglect of regular legal and tactical updates. Davis emphasizes the need for comprehensive, stress-tested training in firearms, suspect control, and use-of-force standards. He advocates for consistent supervisory oversight, digital evidence integration, and remedial measures for officers lacking necessary skills, aiming to improve police performance and accountability.

Maximize Your Instructor Demonstrations | Todd Fletcher

Todd Fletcher emphasizes the importance of instructor-led demonstrations in teaching skills, as they help students understand and practice effectively. Demonstrations should be intentional, frequent, and concise, with attention to positioning and simplicity. Instructors should overcome fears of failure and use demonstrations to enhance learning, not to showcase their skills. Student-led demonstrations, when done carefully, can also benefit the class. The focus should always be on improving student performance rather than the instructor’s ego.

Train Like You Mean It | Chrystal Fletcher

Chrystal Fletcher emphasizes the need for realistic, hands-on training in law enforcement, focusing on low-light conditions, one-handed shooting, and the use of handheld flashlights. She encourages incorporating full-duty gear and creating real-world training scenarios, even during on-duty shifts. Fletcher highlights the importance of frequent, practical, and cost-effective “bite-sized” training sessions, such as driving in adverse conditions. Her approach prioritizes officer readiness and skill-building over convenience, advocating for creativity and effort to optimize training on limited budgets.

Using Research to Reduce Officer Use of Force | Duane Wolfe

In response to concerns over excessive force, the St. Paul Police Department (SPPD) reformed its training by adopting leverage-based techniques like Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, emphasizing de-escalation and team tactics. A study showed these methods reduced force incidents by 37%, strikes by 69%, and injuries to both subjects and officers, while also lowering lawsuit costs. The program’s success relies on rigorous, ongoing training and scenario-based refreshers to ensure lasting improvements in officer conduct and safety.

Is the Firearms Training for the Private Security Officer Sufficient for Survival? | Brian C. Smith

Firearms training for private security officers remains inadequate, with minimal live-fire practice and insufficient use-of-force instruction. Many officers lack essential skills, handling experience, and proper equipment, leaving them unprepared for armed confrontations. Unlike police officers, who undergo extensive training with hundreds of live rounds and scenario-based drills, security officers typically fire just 30 rounds during training. This gap in preparation compromises their ability to protect property and personnel and survive life-threatening situations.

Law Enforcement Officers Caught in the Middle of “Bump Stock” Machine Gun Battle | Jesse C. Gonzalez

Law enforcement officers face increasing threats from devices like “bump stocks” and “Glock switches,” which allow semi-automatic weapons to mimic machine guns. Despite a Trump-era ban, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 2024 that bump stocks fall outside federal machine gun regulations, raising concerns for officer safety. With hundreds of thousands of these devices in circulation, law enforcement advocates urge Congress to take action to protect officers and the public from these lethal modifications.

How Sleep Improves Your Self-Defense Training | Adam Bryant

Quality sleep is crucial for effective self-defense training, enhancing cognitive function, memory retention, and motor skills. Sleep helps solidify learned techniques, improve decision-making, and reduce stress, making trainees more efficient and confident in high-pressure situations. For optimal performance, individuals should prioritize sleep before and after training sessions, follow consistent sleep routines, and maintain healthy habits. Adequate rest is essential for maximizing the benefits of self-defense courses and improving overall safety and preparedness.

Heart Rate Variability: A New Look at an Old Tool for Police Trainers | Colin Tomes

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) offers law enforcement trainers deeper insights into a trainee’s stress response by measuring time variations between heartbeats. Unlike heart rate, HRV reflects the balance between stress and recovery, making it valuable for assessing candidates’ resilience in high-stress tasks. Recent studies highlight HRV’s sensitivity to stress and its correlation with fitness, though individual baselines and expert interpretation are crucial. HRV can enhance police training, but it should complement, not replace, traditional performance metrics and expert evaluations.

Students Can Provide a Growth Opportunity | Billy Etheredge

Billy Etheredge reflects on his experience as the lead firearms instructor for a police academy, teaching recruits not only shooting skills but also values like leadership and honor. Despite initially resisting being the keynote speaker at their graduation, he realized the moment was about the students, not him. Through this experience, Etheredge learned the importance of stepping out of his comfort zone for self-growth and encourages other instructors to focus on students’ success for mutual growth.

Virtual Reality for Law Enforcement Training: Key Factors to Consider for Effective Skill Development | Logan T. Markwell, Lon Bartel, Jared M. Porter

The integration of VR technology in law enforcement training offers significant benefits, such as simulating high-risk scenarios safely and cost-effectively. Key factors influencing officer adoption include perceived usefulness and ease of use. Challenges, such as simulation sickness and the uncanny valley phenomenon, must be addressed to enhance training effectiveness. To maximize VR’s potential, agencies should consider employing dedicated professionals to oversee integration, ensuring training methods align with optimal learning principles for improved real-world performance.

More Live Fire Training Isn’t the Answer—Adding Context and Realism with NLTA | Dan Fraser

Dan Fraser argues that traditional firearms training lacks realism and fails to prepare officers for real-world situations. He emphasizes the importance of pressure testing drills to enhance retention and transfer of skills. Instead of relying solely on static live fire ranges, agencies should incorporate Non-Lethal Training Ammunition (NLTA) and realistic scenarios to simulate actual threats. This approach fosters decision-making and adaptability, ensuring officers are better prepared for potential gunfights while still maintaining safe handling practices.

Artificial Intelligence in Police Training: FAQs for Instructors | Kerry Avery, M. Ed.

Kerry Avery discusses the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in police training, outlining its potential benefits and practical applications. AI can assist in creating course materials, generating practice scenarios, and assessing trainee performance, thereby saving time. While AI is a valuable tool, it should not replace human instructors, as their expertise is essential. Ethical considerations include bias, privacy, and accuracy. Instructors are encouraged to start small with AI and gradually incorporate it into their training processes for enhanced efficiency.

Bulletproof Your Training Program | Robert Carlson

Robert Carlson emphasizes the importance of thorough documentation in law enforcement training programs to avoid liability issues. He recounts a case where officers misidentified a medical emergency, leading to tragic consequences, and notes that inadequate lesson plans and reliance on PowerPoint hinder legal defenses. Effective lesson plans should detail the material covered, ensuring clarity for trainees and consistency across instructors. Proper documentation safeguards the training process, protecting both the agency and instructors from legal challenges and preserving their professional reputations.

Can We Make Nines and Ones from the Eighty? | Matt Bloodgood and Kenneth Murray

Matt Bloodgood and Kenneth Murray explore the roles of different types of law enforcement instructors in training development, using the metaphor of “Nines and Ones” versus the “Eighty.” They argue that while not all trainees can be exceptional, a supportive training environment is crucial for retention and effectiveness. By fostering psychological safety and employing realistic training methods, agencies can improve performance and minimize attrition. Ultimately, effective training should focus on ethical instruction and the well-being of all law enforcement personnel.

Discovering and Reframing Commanders Intent | Myles Cook

Myles Cook examines Commanders Intent (CI) as a framework that promotes creativity, adaptability, and problem-solving in training. While CI traditionally consists of tasks, purpose, and end state, Cook argues that it offers more than just objectives; it fosters an environment where “mavericks” can thrive. By promoting autonomy and creative thinking, CI helps develop high performers across various disciplines. Cook encourages trainers to leverage CI for innovative approaches that enhance decision-making and resilience among their teams.

Challenging Tradition: The Importance of Evolving Knowledge in Law Enforcement Training | Ronald Davis

Ronald Davis emphasizes the need for continuous learning in law enforcement training to avoid reliance on outdated traditions. He recounts an experience with a trainer who failed to update their knowledge, illustrating how sticking to past practices can lead to serious legal consequences. With evolving societal expectations, law enforcement professionals must challenge assumptions and stay informed about current laws. Davis advocates for replacing outdated methods with evidence-based practices to maintain professionalism and legal compliance within the field.

You Know How to Train, But Do You Know How to Learn? | Halcyon Frank

Halcyon Frank highlights the importance of understanding how learning occurs in the brain to enhance training methods for public safety professionals. While trainers often know how to instruct, they may lack insight into the underlying neuroscience. Key concepts include neuroplasticity, the role of attention, personal connection to material, engaging multiple senses, and the significance of feedback and reflection. By integrating this knowledge with traditional training methods, trainers can better support diverse learning needs and improve overall effectiveness.

From Distracted to Engaged: An Effective, Low-Cost Fast Track to Learning | Joe Willis

Joe Willis introduces the “plate activity,” a simple yet effective exercise designed to enhance learner engagement during training sessions. By having participants draw their mental distractions on paper plates, they externalize stressors, fostering focus and readiness for learning. This activity leverages neurochemical processes, promoting trust and motivation, which are vital for effective training. Willis emphasizes that dedicating time to this exercise, even in high-stakes environments, significantly improves participants’ attentiveness and overall training outcomes.

Those Who Can’t Do, Teach, Right? | Cody Mann

Cody Mann challenges the outdated belief that those who can’t succeed in the field should teach. He argues that the best instructors are experienced high performers who can effectively mentor future officers. Transitioning from law enforcement to a teaching role, Mann found fulfillment in inspiring recruits and fostering their problem-solving skills. He emphasizes the importance of quality training and mentorship for developing better officers, urging leaders to support passionate trainers and recognize the value they bring to the profession.

More Than Just a Title: Unlocking the Boundless Growth of an Instructor | Instructor Z

Instructor Z reflects on advice from Col. Bob Lindsey that helped shape his teaching philosophy. He emphasizes that instructors should not limit themselves to narrow titles, as this can hinder growth and potential. Instead, they should embrace lifelong learning, seek excellence in their teaching, and remain open to new ideas. The journey of an instructor is about curiosity, enthusiasm, and serving others. Instructor Z encourages educators to challenge their labels, push beyond comfort zones, and continuously strive for personal and professional development.

Etched in History: The Wall of Service Memorial for Suicide Victims Among First Responders and Veterans | Kim Schlau

On September 21, 2024, the Wall of Service memorial was unveiled in Rockwall, Texas, honoring first responders and military veterans who died by suicide. Initiated by First H.E.L.P., this monument addresses the lack of recognition for such tragedies in existing memorials. It aims to break the stigma surrounding suicide in these professions. Engraved names include those like Officer Jeffrey Smith, emphasizing the memorial’s purpose to celebrate lives and support families left behind, while also promoting mental health awareness.

Staying in Touch While Out of Service | Angeleic Huth

When officers enter limited-duty status, maintaining a supportive work environment is crucial for their ongoing effectiveness. Angeleic Huth emphasizes the importance of keeping these officers informed about policy updates, fostering communication, and allowing for physical training and control tactics practice. She suggests that departments include limited-duty officers in daily operations and provide them opportunities to stay engaged. By recognizing the unique challenges faced by these officers, agencies can facilitate their transition back to full-duty status while promoting overall well-being.

Honoring the Fallen | Ricci Cross

Ricci Cross reflects on the impact of losing two fellow officers, Jeffery M. McCoy and her brother Ryan Cunningham, both in the line of duty. Their deaths prompted significant changes in safety protocols within her agency, emphasizing the importance of continuous training and remembrance. Cross advocates for honoring fallen officers by maintaining their memory in training, participating in memorials, and promoting comprehensive safety training. As she nears retirement, she stresses the responsibility of current officers to learn from the past to ensure their safety.

The Importance of Setting Expectations | Andrew DeMuth Jr.

Andrew DeMuth Jr. emphasizes the importance of setting clear expectations in law enforcement to enhance accountability and morale. He shares a story about Officer Rios, who chose to work on Father’s Day instead of calling in sick, reflecting the values instilled through training. DeMuth argues that clear guidelines reduce disciplinary issues, foster a culture of responsibility, and help officers navigate challenging situations. Ultimately, establishing and communicating expectations is vital for effective leadership and maintaining team cohesion.

Rebuilding Prison Culture to Turn the Tide on Correctional Officer Burnout | Gary York

Originally published by Corrections1, July 22, 2020
Gary York discusses the urgent need to address burnout among correctional officers, exacerbated by staff shortages and increased inmate-to-officer ratios. These conditions lead to long hours, stress, and rising violence against staff. To combat this, York emphasizes creating a supportive culture that enhances morale, prioritizes professional development, and fosters trust among officers. Effective leadership, clear communication, and a focus on teamwork are essential to rebuild a healthier prison environment, ultimately benefiting both staff and inmates.

Enhancing Resiliency for Female Officers | Christina Askren

Christina Askren highlights the unique challenges female law enforcement officers face, emphasizing the necessity of resilience and health management. Drawing from her personal experiences, she underscores the importance of mentorship and training from female officers to inspire and guide recruits. By integrating women into training roles and fostering supportive networks, agencies can build resilience and enhance professional growth. Askren advocates for program designs that prioritize emotional support and effective strategies, benefiting both officers and the communities they serve.

Leadership: Definitions, Styles, and Situational Frameworks | Matthew Loeslie

Matthew Loeslie explores the complexities of leadership within police organizations, emphasizing the importance of situational frameworks. He highlights various definitions and styles of leadership, from autocratic to transformational, and stresses the need for leaders to adapt their approach based on the circumstances, people involved, and the mission. By employing the Situational Leadership II framework, leaders can effectively assess follower development and apply the appropriate style, enhancing organizational effectiveness and fostering better relationships among team members.

Leadership in Critical Situations: Exploring Chinese Strategic Thinking in Special Police Operations | Fabio Gomes

Fabio Gomes discusses the application of Chinese strategic thinking in special police operations, emphasizing adaptability and real-time tactical adjustments. Unlike Western approaches, which often follow rigid plans, Chinese strategies prioritize situational intelligence and destructuring adversaries rather than outright destruction. Key concepts include silent transformation, proactive prevention, and the need for leaders to maintain situational awareness and inspire their teams. By integrating these principles, special operations units can enhance effectiveness, navigate complex scenarios, and promote public safety more intelligently.

Advocacy in Training: A Leadership Perspective | Queno Martinez

Queño Martinez emphasizes the importance of advocacy in law enforcement training leadership. He argues that effective leaders must actively support and promote innovative ideas from their trainers, adapting to evolving laws and technologies. By listening, assessing the value of ideas, and collaborating on logistics, leaders can help implement meaningful changes. Martinez highlights that not every suggestion will be viable, but constructive feedback can guide improvements. Ultimately, advocating for trainers fosters a dynamic training environment that benefits both officers and the organization.

More Wellness BS | Alexandra Kitty Nelson

Alexandra Kitty Nelson critiques the repetitive nature of wellness conversations, highlighting a gap between understanding wellness principles and actual implementation within law enforcement agencies. She argues that while agencies may offer wellness programs, inconsistencies and superficial efforts undermine their effectiveness. During a recent working group, participants noted the importance of congruence between leadership words and actions, emphasizing that real change requires open communication, accountability, and a commitment to treating personnel with respect and compassion. Ultimately, fostering a supportive culture is essential for meaningful wellness initiatives.

Making a Difference: 3 Rules and Vince Lombardi | Rory Thelan

Rory Thelan emphasizes that a positive attitude is crucial for success in any role, particularly in corrections. Drawing inspiration from Vince Lombardi, he shares three guiding principles: always do the right thing, strive for excellence rather than mediocrity, and treat others with dignity and respect. Thelan highlights that success is about accountability, resilience, and leadership during adversity. Ultimately, individuals must reflect on their actions and attitudes daily to foster a culture of improvement and make a difference in their environments.

Book Review: A Comprehensive History of American Law Enforcement by Dr. Tomas C. Mijares Reviewed by | Brad Malloy

In A Comprehensive History of American Law Enforcement, Tomas C. Mijares traces policing’s origins from ancient Egypt’s Medjay paramilitary force (1580-1069 B.C.) to modern American law enforcement. The book covers historical milestones, including Roman firefighting forces, the Bow Street Runners, and the Peelian principles of 1829. Mijares explores U.S. law enforcement development from colonial night watches to contemporary issues like organized crime, mass shootings, and technology. Brad Malloy appreciated the book’s depth, especially its ancient history sections.